Laminates

Plastic Laminate (known as P-Lam) is a common countertop and cabinet material. It is a composite product made from layers of paper and often various formaldehyde-based resins, pressed together to form a rigid sheet. It is adhered to a substrate (medium density fiberboard, particle board, etc.) for structural support.

Laminate countertops are usually HPL (High Pressure Laminates) or HPDL (High Pressure Decorative Laminates) which provide a cheap, long-lasting surface often used in commercial and residential spaces. 

Areas of concern:

One concern with P-Lam is that substrates rely on formaldehyde-based binders which release formaldehyde into interior spaces over time. Formaldehyde is a known carcinogen and asthmagen, so it is important to specify laminate countertops with substrates made with a NAUF (no added urea formaldehyde) or NAF (no added formaldehyde) binder when possible.²

To enhance the longevity of these countertops, they are also covered in melamine, a petrochemical. Petrochemicals are incredibly damaging to the environment and are linked to acute and chronic diseases, ulcers, cancer, liver and kidney problems.³

Not only are these laminates covered in toxic chemicals, they are not recyclable and are ultimately dumped in landfills, creating further waste and continuing to off-gas.